Beyond walls: How Seoul’s outdoor libraries are rewriting the rules

Date Aug 19, 2024

People reading books in Seoul Plaza (Photo courtesy of the Seoul Metropolitan Government)

People reading books in Seoul Plaza (Photo courtesy of the Seoul Metropolitan Government)


The Seoul Outdoor Library has recently gained international recognition, having been selected as an “Outstanding Case of Government Innovation 2023” by the OECD Observatory of Public Sector Innovation. This accolade, along with two consecutive awards from the International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions, underscores the library’s innovative approach to addressing societal challenges, particularly those exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic.

The open-air library is a safe and accessible space for reading and community engagement. It answers the need for people to spend more time outdoors and improve their mental well-being. A sign of the initiative’s success was its selection as the Seoul Metropolitan Government’s No. 1 policy in a survey last year. The Seoul Outdoor Library showcases how a public space can be transformed into a vibrant community hub and can serve as a model for other cities worldwide.

People enjoy reading and attending various cultural activities at Gwanghwamun Book Square. (Photos courtesy of the Seoul Metropolitan Government)

People enjoy reading and attending various cultural activities at Gwanghwamun Book Square. (Photos courtesy of the Seoul Metropolitan Government)


Other related initiatives include transforming Seoul Plaza into a spacious area for outdoor reading and setting up Gwanghwamun Book Square – an open-air reading area in a historic and cultural setting. The “Reading by the Clear Stream” initiative has created reading spaces along Seoul’s waterways. In these serene spots, people can connect with nature while enjoying literature.


Day and night views of the “Reading by the Clear Stream” initiative along Cheonggyecheon Stream (Photos courtesy of the Seoul Metropolitan Government)

Day and night views of the “Reading by the Clear Stream” initiative along Cheonggyecheon Stream (Photos courtesy of the Seoul Metropolitan Government)
Day and night views of the “Reading by the Clear Stream” initiative along Cheonggyecheon Stream (Photos courtesy of the Seoul Metropolitan Government)

Seoul’s commitment to fostering a vibrant reading culture extends beyond these initiatives and is reflected in its array of unique libraries. The Samcheong Park Forest Library is a tranquil retreat with scenic forest views, while the Cheongun Literature Library – housed in a traditional hanok – combines Korean architectural beauty with a rich collection of literary works. Jeongdok Public Library, a registered cultural heritage site, stands as an example of a repurposed work of modern architecture (it was the site of Kyunggi High School up until 1976).

Another notable example is Seoul Chaekbogo, a secondhand bookstore established by the city government that offers visitors a nostalgic experience. Hannae Forest of Wisdom is a wooden structure that blends so seamlessly with its natural surroundings that it received an award for architectural excellence. Meanwhile, Blue Square’s Book Park Lounge is a unique cultural space comprising a lecture hall, gallery and café.

Seoul Chaekbogo (left) and Seoul Art-Chaekbogo (right) are used bookstores established by the City of Seoul. (Photos courtesy of the Seoul Metropolitan Government)

Seoul Chaekbogo (left) and Seoul Art-Chaekbogo (right) are used bookstores established by the City of Seoul. (Photos courtesy of the Seoul Metropolitan Government)


Seoul’s innovative library concepts have gained international attention, inspiring other institutions to adopt similar models within Seoul and beyond. Since the Seoul Metropolitan Library shared its experiences at a recent policy briefing, similar programs have started elsewhere: Reading Ttukseom Grand Garden, Beartopia at Dankook University, Moonlight Outdoor Library in Daejeon and pop-up libraries in various locations. These initiatives demonstrate the widespread impact of Seoul’s approach to reimagining library spaces and services.


Odong Public Library won the Grand Prize at the 42nd Seoul Architecture Awards. (Photo courtesy of Seoul Sarang)

Odong Public Library won the Grand Prize at the 42nd Seoul Architecture Awards. (Photo courtesy of Seoul Sarang)

Odong Public Library won the Grand Prize at the 42nd Seoul Architecture Awards. (Photo courtesy of Seoul Sarang)


Seoul is continuing to innovate in the realm of public libraries, with these spaces serving not only as repositories of knowledge but also as cool retreats during hot summer months. Each library offers a unique experience – from the traditional charm of Cheongun Literature Library to the historical ambience of Seoul Chaekbogo. These diverse, enriching spaces reflect Seoul’s commitment to fostering an inclusive literary culture that adapts to the changing needs of residents and visitors.


The Seoul Outdoor Library and its counterparts across the city represent a pioneering approach to public spaces and community engagement. By reimagining libraries as dynamic, accessible and nature-integrated environments, Seoul has created a model that addresses contemporary challenges while promoting literacy, cultural exchanges and social connections. As cities worldwide grapple with the evolving needs of urban residents, Seoul’s innovative library initiatives offer valuable insights into the process of creating resilient, engaging and culturally rich public spaces.

Source Indication(Type 1)

The Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism's "Korea Here & Now" work can be used under the condition of "Public Nuri Type 1 (Source Indication)."

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